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Like stated in my first post, brief introduction of Kunming, there are many different minorities which includes the Han (汉族), Yi (彝族), Hui (回族), Bai (白族), Miao (苗族), Lisu (傈僳族), Zhuang (壮族), Dai (傣族), Hani (哈尼族), Naxi (纳西族), Manchu (满族), Bouyei (布依族), Mongol (蒙古族), Lahu (拉祜族), Tibetan (藏族), Yao (瑶族), Jingpo (景颇族), Va (佤族), Blang (布朗族), Primi (普米族), Sui (水族), Achang (阿昌族), Nu (怒族), Jino (基诺族) and Derung (独龙族).
The Han people (汉族) are an ethnic group native to China and, by most modern definitions, the largest single ethnic group in the world.
The Yi people (彝族) are a modern ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They live primarily in rural areas of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi, usually in mountainous regions.
The Hui people (回族) are an ethnic group in China, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. In modern People's Republic of China, the term "Hui people" refers to one of the officially recognized 56 ethnic groups into which Chinese citizens are classified. Under this definition, the Hui people are defined to include all historically Muslim communities in People's Republic of China that are not included in China's other ethnic groups
The Bai (白族) are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They numbered 1,858,063 as of 2000. The Bai People hold the white colour in high esteem and call themselves Bai people which literary means white people in Chinese. In 1956, Chinese Authorities named them the Bai Nationality out of their own will.
The Miao (苗族), on the left, are a linguistically and culturally related group of people recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 56 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component sub-groups, Vietnam and Burmese.
The Lisu people (傈僳族), on the right, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group who inhabit the mountainous regions of Burma (Myanmar), Southwest China, Thailand, and the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
The Zhuang (壮族) are an ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 55 minority ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Their population, estimated at 18 million people, puts them second only to the Han Chinese and makes the Zhuang the largest minority in China.The Dai people (傣族) is one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (both in southern Yunnan, China), but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma.
The Hani people (哈尼族) are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also form one of the 54 officially recognized ethnic groups of Vietnam. There are 12,500 Hanis living in the Lai Chau and Lao Cai provinces of Vietnam.
The Naxi (纳西族) are an ethnic group inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province, as well as the southwestern part of Sichuan Province in China.
The Manchu people (满族) are a Tungusic people who originated in Manchuria (today's northeastern China). During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels (such as general Wu Sangui), they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which established a republican government in its place.
The Bouyei (布依族) are an ethnic group living in southern mainland China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Some Bouyei also live in Vietnam, where they are one of that nation's 54 officially recognized ethnic groups. Despite the Chinese considering them a separate group, they consider themselves Zhuang.
The name Mongol specifies one or several ethnic groups, now mainly located in Mongolia, China, and Russia.
The Tibetan people (藏族) are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan.
The Yao nationality (瑤族) is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south. They also form one of the 54 ethnic groups officially recognized by Vietnam. In the last census, they numbered 2,637,421 in China, and roughly 470,000 in Vietnam.
The Jingpo people (景颇族) are an ethnic group who largely inhabit the Kachin Hills in northern Burma's Kachin State and neighbouring areas of China and India. The Jingpo form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they numbered 132,143 people in the 2000 census.
The Va nationality (佤族) lives mainly in Northern Myanmar, in the northern part of Shan and eastern Kachin States, near and along the border with China. Their defacto capital is Bangkang in the unofficial Wa State in North Eastern Shan state. The majority of the Va live in Myanmar. They were known as the 'Wild Wa' by British administrators.
The Blang (布朗族) people are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.
The Pumi people (普米族) are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Ethnically related to the Tibetans in the Muli Tibetan Autonomous County and Yanyuan in Sichuan, the Pumi are recognized as an official minority nationality unique to Yunnan, with a population of 30,000. Communities are found notably in Pumi & Bai Autonomous County of Lanping, Yi Autonomous County of Ninglang, Lijiang Old Town, Naxi Autonomous County of Yulong, Lisu Autonomous County of Weixi and Yongsheng County, typically at elevations above 9,000 feet.
The Sui people (水族) are an ethnic group living in the Guangxi, Guizhou, and Yunnan areas of southwestern China. They are counted as one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.
The Achang (阿昌族), also known as the Ngac'ang (their own name) or Maingtha (Burmese name) are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also live in Burma. The Achang speak a Tibeto-Burman language called Achang, but there is no indigenous writing system to accompany it. Chinese characters are often used instead. Many Achang also speak the language of the Dai, mainly to make commercial transactions.
The Nu people (怒族) are one of the 56 ethnic groups recognized by the People's Republic of China. Their population of 27,000 is divided into the Northern, Central and Southern groups. Their homeland is a country of high mountains and deep ravines crossed by the Lancang, Dulong and Nujiang rivers. The name "Nu" comes from the fact that they were living near the Nujiang river, and the name of their ethnic group derives from there.
The Jino people (基诺族) are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They live in Xishuangbanna in Yunnan province, China.
The Derung people (独龙族) are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Their population of 6,000 is found in the Nujiang Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan province, in the Dulong valley. Another 600 can be found east of the Dulong valley, living in the mountains above the Nu Jiang near the village of Binzhongluo in northern Gongshan County.
Below are more picture of the different minorities:
Below is a table that states the different festivals of the minorities
Festivals | Date (Lunar Calendar) | Areas | Activities | |
Yi | Torch Festival | Jun 24th, 25th | Stone Forest, Chuxiong, Dali | Torching, wrestling, bull fighting, Singing and dancing |
Dage (Singing) Festival | Feb 8th | Dayao, Shuangjiang | Picking azaleas | |
Bai | March Fair Festival | Mar 14th to 16th | Dali | Fair, singing and dancing |
Shibao Mountain Singing Competition | Late Jul, early Aug | Jianchuan | Singing Bai love songs | |
Miao | Huashan (Flower Mountain) Festival | Jan 3rd | Pingbian, Yongshan | Singing, climbing swords pole |
Naxi | Sanduo Day | Feb 8th | Lijiang | Horse racing, picnicking |
Muo suo | Chaoshan Festival (Pilgrimage to the Goddess) | Jul 25th | Lugu Lake (Ninglang) | Making sacrifice to Goddess, singing and dancing, meeting “A’xia” |
Jing po | Munaozongge Festival | Jan 15th | Luxi, Longchuan | Staging Wenbeng Dance |
Tibetan | Horse Racing Festival | May 5th | Shangri-la | Horse racing, picnicking |
Dragon Boat Festival | May 5th | Diqing | Horse racing, singing and dancing, picnicking | |
Buyi | Niuwang (Buffalo King) Festival | Apr 8th | Luoping, Fuyuan | Singing and dancing, feeding buffaloes |
Dai | Water Splashing Festival | Mar | Xishuangbanna, Dehong | Splashing water, boat racing, flying Kongming Lantern |
Hani | New Rice Festival | 1st and 2nd Dragon Day of Apr | Honghe | Enjoying new rice, making sacrifice to heaven and passed-away relatives |
Hani’s New Year | Oct | Pu’er, Honghe | Making sacrifice to ancestors, organizing street banquet | |
Zhuang | Longduan Day | Mar | Funing | Fair, singing and dancing |
Lisu | Swords Pole Day | Feb 8th | Nujiang, Baoshan | Climbing swords pole, singing and dancing |
Singing Competition | Dec or Next Jan | Nujiang | Bathing, singing competition | |
Bathing Festival | The period of Chinese New Year | Diqing | Bathing, making new friends | |
Hui | Laisser Bairam | Oct 1st, Islam calendar | Kunming | Salat |
Lahu | Calabash Festival | Oct | Lancang | Fair, singing and dancing |
Wa | Drum Festival | Dec | Ximeng, Cangyuan | Playing wooden drums, slaughtering cattle, singing and dancing |
Yao | Panwang Festival | May 29th | Wenshan, Honghe | Making sacrifice to ancestors, singing and dancing |
Pumi | Zhuanshanhui Festival (trekking around Shizi Mountain) | May 5th | Ninglang | Trekking in the mountain, firing guns, singing and dancing |
A’chang | Huijie | Sep 15th | Nujiang, Dehong | Singing and dancing |
Jinuo | Jidalong (Making Sacrifice to Dragon) Festival | Mar | Xishuangbanna | Staging drums dances, bamboo dances, playing spinners |
Shui | Dragon Boat Festival | Late Aug to early Oct | Fuyuan | Staging copper-drum dance, seeking lovers |
Dulong | Kaquewa Festival (Dulong’s New Year) | Dec | Gongshan | Slaughtering cattle, making sacrifice to heaven, singing and dancing |
Ai’ni | Yekuzha Festival | Jun | Xishuangbanna | Playing swings, singing and dancing, partying |
Nu | Flowers Festival | Mar 15th | Nujiang | Collecting flowers offered to Goddess |
Nu’s New Year | Dec 29th | Nujiang | Singing and dancing, assorted sport games | |
Bulang | Guanmen Festival (Closing the Door Festival) | Jun | Xishuangbanna | Any romantic affairs forbidden |
De’ang | Water Splashing Festival | One week after Qingming | Ruili | Splashing water, singing and dancing |
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